Wednesday, July 3, 2013

A Horrific Path to Destruction


Where did the dense, gorgeous forests go? Where do the wild animals reside? Why can’t I remember the last time I saw a bald eagle? Of course it’s because money has become more important than nature and beauty. In Bellingham, there are fast food restaurants on almost every street polluting the world while making people unhealthy just to make a dime or two. I remember when I could go on a bike ride and play with my friends in a nearby local creek. Not anymore. The creek is long gone now and, in fact, a McDonald’s fast food joint has been built on top of the land. However, I only envy McDonalds a little for that… what I really hate is how fattening their products are, how they get their ingredients and how I can’t seem to escape the popular, cheap franchise.

            I often wonder what the world would be like if fast food hadn’t been such a hit when it was first revealed. For instance, the world might be less polluted and people might live longer lives than they currently do today. Fast food is coated in layers of grease and then wrapped in copious amounts of non-biodegradable wrapping, which is often left near or in oceans or forests. Furthermore, think of how beautiful our world could be without as many daunting bright signs and appealing, but also disgusting, aromas of unhealthy, cheap food - there could actually be high percentages of wildlife and enchanting forests populating the world like there once was years ago. I don’t speak for everyone, but personally, I would much rather view the beauty of nature from my window than a series of greedy fast food restaurants trying to make profit.

            The first fast food restaurants are said to have originated in the United States with A&W in 1916 and White Castle in 1921. Today, American-founded fast food chains such as McDonald's and KFC are multinational corporations with outlets across the globe, adjusting their menus to the cultural foods of their locations. The founder’s goal was to have a McDonald’s on every street corner in the world. Could you imagine? Furthermore, the McDonalds' Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University were built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. After discovering that most of their profits came from hamburgers, the brothers closed their restaurant and reopened it in 1948 as a walk-up stand offering a simple menu of hamburgers, French fries, shakes, coffee, and Coca-Cola, served in disposable paper wrapping. As a result, they figured out how to produce hamburgers and fries constantly, without waiting for customer orders, and could serve them immediately at about half the price at a typical diner. By 1954, The McDonald brothers' stand was Prince Castle's biggest purchaser of milkshake blending machines. Prince Castle salesman Ray Kroc traveled to California to discover why the company had purchased almost a dozen of the units as opposed to the normal one or two found in most restaurants of the time. Enticed by the success of the McDonald's concept, Kroc signed a franchise agreement with the brothers and began opening McDonald's restaurants in Illinois[1] which then led to other states and after a few decades, globally.

With this in mind, fast food became all of the rage in the 1950's partly because of the new "car culture." Restaurants where you could just drive in, pick up a meal, and then be on your way in just a few minutes became extremely popular. At first, the portions were designed to do just that; small hamburgers, fries and a 12-ounce Coke. Then all the big chains such as McDonald's, Burger King, and  KFC’s competed to see who could have the biggest ‘Monster Burger' or biggest bucket of chicken, [2] without considering the impact it would have on future generations.

The declining sales in the early 2000s, caused franchises to shut down for the first time in McDonald’s history, additionally causing a major rethink of the way McDonald’s operates, attempting to go ‘greener’ by reproducing the companies standards in which all the stores will abide by. In contrast, the production of the raw products which go into McDonald’s meals, from burger patties to sauces, is subcontracted to different suppliers, making it impossible to assess the company in terms of a single golden standard. Coca-Cola is almost, if not, as common as McDonalds around the world. Both McDonalds large golden “M” and Coca-Cola logos are widely known. Coke-Cola is actually a sole global supplier for soft drinks.[3]

On the other hand, the impact of the fast food explosion on foreign food markets is both good and bad. The benefits are that the restaurants bring many jobs, which means more money for the communities in which they run. This is good for the economy and the people, yet the negative effects are more long standing. People that eat this food will become unhealthy, introduced to genetically modified foods, stuffed with fat and much too many calories. Fast food is convenience food and normally when something is "faster" it isn't as healthy. Even the "healthy" foods offered by most fast food restaurants are filled with preservatives and pesticides, which defeats their good properties (Schlosser, 2002)[4].

Similarly, grain is fed to cattle in South American countries to produce the meat in McDonald's hamburgers. Cattle consume 10 times the amount of grain and soy that humans do: one calorie of beef demands ten calories of grain. Of the 145 million tons of grain fed to livestock, only 21 million tons of meat and by-products are used. The waste is 124 million tons per year at a value of 20 billion US dollars! It has been calculated that this sum would feed, clothe and house the world's entire population for one year. Humans don’t NEED meat to survive; thus, we could save a lot of money, land, and animals by changing our consumer status to vegetarians[5].

Moreover, every year an area of rainforest the size of Britain is cut down or defoliated, and burnt. Globally, one billion people depend on water flowing from these forests, which soak up rain and release it gradually. The disaster in Ethiopia and Sudan is at least partly due to uncontrolled deforestation. In Amazonia torrential rains sweep down through the treeless valleys, eroding the land and washing away the soil; the bare earth, baked by the tropical sun, becomes useless for agriculture.[6] Additionally, around the Equator there is a lush green belt of incredibly beautiful tropical forest, untouched by human development for one hundred million years, supporting about half of all Earth's life-forms, including some 30,000 plant species, and producing a major part of the planet's crucial supply of oxygen.

Furthermore, McDonald's and Burger King are two of the many US corporations using lethal poisons to destroy vast areas of Central American rainforest to create grazing pastures for cattle to be sent back to the States as burgers and pet food, and to provide fat-food packaging materials. In addition, not only are McDonald's and many other corporations contributing to a major ecological catastrophe, they are also forcing the tribal peoples in the rainforests off their ancestral territories where they have lived peacefully, without damaging their environment, for thousands of years! This is a typical example of the arrogance and viciousness of multinational companies in their endless search for more and more profit. It's no exaggeration to say that when someone bites into a Big Mac, they're helping the McDonald's empire to wreck this planet and cover it with enormous non-proportional people.

McDonald’s doesn’t make it clear that the food is high in fat, sugar, animal products and salt, and low in fiber, vitamins and minerals - which describes an average McDonald's meal - is linked with cancers of the breast and bowel, and heart disease. Every year in Britain, heart disease alone causes about 180,000 deaths.[7]

Focusing back on the rainforests, McDonalds only use parts of the rainforest for 2 years at the maximum because the soil quality is so poor there that they clear-cut another area once the soil cannot sustain the grass and grain that the cows eat. So what's so wrong about that, won't the forest regrow? Nope. The moisture in a rainforest is what makes it a RAIN forest, and since about 70% of all moisture comes from transpiration from the trees - No more trees results in no more rainforest. It will never regrow, ever, even if it is replanted. The other way has to do with just the grain being shipped from the rainforest to the US or other countries to feed cows that will eventually end up on your Big Mac. Put simply, for every pound of beef you eat, 55 acres of rainforest were destroyed. In order to keep up with the huge demand for McDonalds burgers all over the world they require vast areas of land to raise cattle for their burgers. Every year, over 30 million acres of rain forest are lost.[8] Of course, it would be unfair to blame this loss solely on McDonald's, and I don't intend to do that. There are plenty of other reasons why we are losing our rain forest land at such an alarming rate, but my main focus is on McDonalds. In order to produce 1 million tons of meat, 7 million tons of grain must be fed to livestock. This use of precious resources is not even for the betterment of anyone’s health given the unhealthy nature of food from McDonalds while the world's most beautiful forests are being destroyed at an appalling rate. McDonald’s have at last been forced to admit to using beef reared on ex-rainforest land, preventing the regeneration of forests.  Also, the use of farmland by multinationals and their suppliers forces local people to move on to other areas and cut down further trees. In fact, McDonald's is the world's largest user of beef which isn’t too surprising since they’re EVERYWHERE. The methane emitted by cattle reared for the beef industry is a major cause of the "global warming" crisis. Every year McDonalds use thousands of tons of unnecessary packaging, much of which ends up littering our streets or polluting the land buried in landfill sites.

Nonetheless, while millions of people are starving, vast areas of land in poor countries are used for cattle ranching or to grow grain to feed animals to be eaten in the West.  McDonald's continually promote meat products, encouraging a person to eat meat more often, which wastes more and more food resources. They never advertise how expensive and destructive it is to raise all the meat they do. [9]

Similarly, the US fast food industry has been implementing its fat and greasy foods all over the Earth in order to make billions. The overseas fast food industry is booming and there seems to be no end in sight. McDonalds may soon be on every street corner… This provides people with jobs, but what is it doing to effect different cultures and what is it doing to the health of those people (Schlosser, 2002)?

            According to Schlosser, McWorld is a "homogenized international culture", a term coined by sociologist Benjamin J. Barber (2002). Fast food companies like McDonald's are spreading their unhealthy, fattening foods across the globe, opening many new restaurants on a daily basis. The novelty of these restaurants in different countries is what brings in the innocent and corrupts their culture and their arteries (Schlosser, 2002). 

”WHAT's wrong with McDonald's is also wrong with all the junk-food chains like Wimpy, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Wendy, etc. All of them hide their ruthless exploitation of resources, animals and people behind a facade of colourful gimmicks and 'family fun. The food itself is much the same everywhere - only the packaging is different. The rise of these firms means less choice, not more. They are one of the worst examples of industries motivated only by profit, and geared to continual expansion.

This materialist mentality is affecting all areas of our lives, with giant conglomerates dominating the marketplace, allowing little or no room for people to create genuine choices. But alternatives do exist, and many are gathering support every day from people rejecting big business in favour of small-scale self-organization and co-operation.

The point is not to change McDonald's into some sort of vegetarian organization, but to change the whole system itself. Anything less would still be a rip-off. [10]

For instance, McDonald's spends a fortune on advertisements, trying to cultivate an image of being a "caring" and "green" company that is also a fun place to eat.  Children are lured in with the promise of "free" toys and other gimmicks. But behind the smiling face of Ronald McDonald lies the reality -McDonald's only interest is money, making profits from whoever and whatever they can without putting the world and their customer’s wellbeing first.

Chances are that you have had a McDonald’s meal in the past or if not, you certainly know a lot of people who have. It’s the biggest fast food chain in the world, with 32,000 outlets in 117 countries. The clown-fronted burger outfit employs a staggering 1.7 million people, and in the first three months of 2011 alone it made $1.2 billion in profits on the back of revenues of $6.1 billion! [11]All that money could be put towards saving the planet they’re greatly responsible for polluting or could be put towards making people’s lives happier, not unhealthier. The company has come in for huge amounts of criticism over the past 20 years, for the impact it has on the diets of people worldwide, its labor practices and the impact its business has had on the environment, yet they still stand strong. Chickens are raised cramped together in giant barns, never experiencing a good life grazing land but instead thrown grain to battle for against the other chickens. [12]

All of this should be taken with a pile of salt and grease however. It’s not surprising that a multibillion-dollar corporation, which has been hurt in the past by concerns over its practices, will do its utmost to sell itself as a reformed character. And it's suspicious that any web search of the company brings up a hit list of sites almost exclusively maintained by the company.   

            McDonald's has even coined a phrase, 'Global Realization', for their need to conquer the fast food markets overseas; they want to be number one. America may currently be the fattest nation, but who's next with fast food continuously booming (Schlosser, 2002)?[13] And the fact that the restaurants serve just the American foods they serve here as well as adjusting their menu to making cultural foods just as appealing and greasy.

            During the eighties, people started to question if eating all of this greasy fast food from the time you were two was actually very good for you. Obesity and diabetes was at an all-time high and heat disease was the number one killer. Heart disease and then liver cancer did Dave Thomas of Wendy's in, and coronary problems contributed to Ray Kroc's, founder of McDonald's, death. Go figure. Think there could have been a connection with what they had been eating?

Even if people like eating McDonalds’’ food, most people recognise that processed burgers and synthetic chips, served up in paper and plastic containers, is considered junk-food. McDonald's prefer the name "fast-food" not because it is manufactured and served up as quickly as possible but because it has to be eaten quickly too. McDonald's like to promote their food as "healthy", but the reality it is high in fat, sugar and salt, and low in vitamins. A diet of this type is linked with a greater risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes and other diseases. Their food also contains many chemical additives, some of which may cause ill health, and hyperactivity in children. Don't forget too that meat is the cause of the majority of food poisoning incidents and that rainforests are destroyed only to raise cattle for a maximum of two years!  

Would it be better to stop this madness, or is the money worth more than the people are? Only the fast food industries and the nation’s leaders can answer that question. Well, and the people can choose to pass on fast food and eat healthy too (Schlosser, 2002).[14] Is eating a delicious, greasy Big Mac worth assisting McDonalds corrupt this planet? Do you really want to pass a McDonald’s fast food restaurant every block? Think about your actions and their implications before digging into your next happy meal. 

 

Sources:


 


 


 


 


 

Schlosser, E. (2002). Fast Food Nation. Harper Perennial. 





2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_food_restaurant
[4] Schlosser, E. (2002). Fast Food Nation. Harper Perennial. 
http://voices.yahoo.com/is-fast-food-taking-over-world-5594412.html
[5] http://www.mccruelty.com/
[6] http://www.rainforestportal.org/issues/2006/04/mcdonalds_destroys_rainforests.asp and www.ciwf.org.uk
http://www.mcspotlight.org/case/pretrial/factsheet.html
[7] http://www.mcspotlight.org/case/pretrial/factsheet.html
[8] http://www.rainforestportal.org/issues/2006/04/mcdonalds_destroys_rainforests.asp and www.ciwf.org.uk
[9] http://www.mccruelty.com/
[11] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_food_restaurant
[13] Schlosser, E. (2002). Fast Food Nation. Harper Perennial. 
[14] Schlosser, E. (2002). Fast Food Nation. Harper Perennial. 

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